1. Munguva yekugadzira midziyo yekumanikidza yekudzvinyirira, matambudziko anotevera achaunzwa: Kutonhora kwekushomeka kwakaomesesa kutonhora kutonhora, kutonhora kutonhora uye kumwe kutonhora kushanda. Shanduko musangano uye zvivakwa zveiyo weld nzvimbo inokonzerwa neWelding. Kusara kushungurudzika kunogadzirwa neWelding uye chizvarwa uye kukura kweshamiso corrosion crossion yakakonzerwa nayo. Kana Wandering Pressing Midziyo, apo tembiricha yakapinza ine tembiricha yemadhigiri anopfuura zana, uye mune yakaenzana inotonhora maitiro, iyo yakasara yekunetseka kushushikana kushushikana kusvika pakavhurwa nzvimbo inozogadzirwa. Uye zvakare, iyo isina kufanana purasitiki yekugadzira midziyo yekumanikidza inotungamira kune yakasara strain Naizvozvo, munda wekare wezvekushushikana uchasiyiwa muchigadzirwa chekupedzisira mushure mekunge mudziyo wekumanikidza unogadziriswa, uye zvichaiswa pasi pekunyorerwazve kushushikana kwakasiyana siyana. Kuvapo kwekunetseka kusara kuchakanganisa kuita kwemudziyo wekumanikidza. Kuitira kuti ubvise iyo Peak Starin munzvimbo yekuparadzira yunifomu yekuparadzaniswa kwemukati, kubva pamatanho ekudzvinyirira, maitiro ekugadzirisa. Uye zvakare, iyo hydrogen yembridhi phenomenon yemasimbi yakakwezva kutarisisa. Mushure mekunge Hydrogen inopinda Simbi, iyo michina yemuchina ichashatisa zvakanyanya. Simba uye papasi rakanyatso kuderedzwa, uye iyo hydrogen yakanyungudika mune yesimbi latice inokonzeresa kutadza kweBrittle kwesimbi panguva yekushomeka panguva yekuderera. Iyo hydrogen yezvinhu zvesimbi inogona kunyudzwa panguva yekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvesimbi, sekuti hydrogen yakakwenenzverwa nesimbi yemvura panguva yekubuda uye inokwanisa kuve iyo hydrogen yakanyudzwa nezvinhu zviri muHydrogen nharaunda. Nekuti hydrogen yakanyura muWeld, iyo inoshanda yekupisa maitiro Welding Area. Kune marudzi maviri emagetsi ekupisa ekurapa anoshandiswa mukumanikidza midziyo: imwe ndeyekupisa kurapa kuti uvandudze midziyo, uye imwe} Weld kupisa (pwht). Mune pfungwa yakafara, post {{21} yekupisa kupisa ndiko kurapa kwekushisa kwenzvimbo yehutachiona kana zvikamu zvakavezwa mushure mekunge basa rekushanda rakarongedzwa. Zvirimo zvinosanganisira kusagadzikana kweyanyoyasha, mhinduro, yakajairika kurapwa kwekunetseka,} Yakanga yakafanana uye yakadzivirirwa zvizere pasi peiyo simbi chikamu chekushandura tembiricha, uyezve chakagadzikana. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, iyo post {}} wedo} weld kupisa kurapwa kukurukurwa kunonyanya kufungwa {} weld kusimbisa kupisa kwekunyepa.
2. Chinangwa chekutumira {{} weld kupisa kurapwa (pwht kwenguva pfupi): 1 Kuvandudza iyo plasticity yeiyo simbi yelth. b. Kuderedza kuomarara kwekupisa {{8} kukanganiswa zone. c. Kuvandudza kupunzika kwekuoma. d. Kuvandudza Kuneta Simba. e. Dzosera kana kuwedzera simba redhi rakadzikira panguva yekutonhora kuumba {} kuvandudza kugona kwekuramba kusagadzikana kwesimbi, kunyanya hydrogen, kudzivirira kuitika kwekunonoka kukanganisika.
3. Kutongwa kweiyo pwht: kana mudziyo wekumanikidzwa uchida kutumira kutumira Kune midziyo yekumanikidzwa yakamanikidzwa, pane kushushikana kwakakura kuseri kwenzvimbo yeWalking, uye mhedzisiro yekushushikana yakasara inongoonekwa pasi pemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Kana kushushikana kwakasara nehydrogen muWeld Kana kushushikana kwelth kusara muWeld kana kushushikana kwemutoro mukushandiswa kwemutoro kunosanganiswa nemhedzisiro yeiyo svikiro, inogona kukonzera {} kuita, {7} {}} anonzi {} Welding inosara kushushikana uye kuomesa kwezvinhu zvevabereki zvinokonzerwa neWelding zvinhu zvakakosha muchizvarwa chehurongwa hwekumanikidza. Mhedzisiro yekutsvagira inoratidza kuti mhedzisiro yekushambadzira uye kushushikana kwakasara pazvinhu zvesimbi ndeyokuchinja simbi kubva kuyoramu kuyora, ndiko kuti, kudzora kana kuyananisa corroson. Ehezve, metal corrosion ichipaza uye inoparadzanisa corroson zvese zvinoitika mune mamwe maitiro ane humwe hunhu hwesimbi iri. Mukuvapo kwekushushikana kusara, chimiro chezvekukuvadza zvinga shandura zvichienderana nekuumbwa, kusungwa uye kuumbwa, chimiro, kushushikana nyika, nezvimwe zvezvevabereki uye nzvimbo yeWeld. Kunyangwe yakamanikidzwa kumanikidzwa mudziyo inoda kutumira {{14} ye-} wed his kurapwa inofanirwa kutsanangurwa zvichienderana nechinangwa, saizi (kunyanya madziro), kuita kwezvinhu zvinoshandiswa, uye mamiriro ekushanda emudziyo. Post {{16} Weld kupisa kunofanirwa kutariswa mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu anotevera: 1 Kusanganisira midziyo yokudzvinyirirwa, etrochemical yekumanikidza, etc., ine mitsipa yakakosha {} kudzvanywa midziyo yekusagadzikana kwesimba Mune Simbi Yevanyengeri midziyo, kushungurudzika kunosara kusvika pakaizodzwa nzvimbo inoumbwa munzvimbo iri padyo neWeld. Chizvarwa chekushushikana uku chine chekuita neshanduko yechimiro chakasanganiswa neAustenite. Vazhinji vatsvagiri vakataura kuti kuitira kuti vabvise kusingaperi kushushikana mushure mekushungurudzika, kutsamwa kuma750 madhigirii kunogona kuita zvakanaka pane simbi yekumanikidza midziyo yekumanikidza. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinotendwa kuti kana kurapwa kwakakodzera kwekupisa hakuite mushure mekutora majoini hakuwanikwe. Izvo zvinowanzotenda kuti kusimbisa kwekunhuhwirira kwekushora kurapa maitiro ayo iyo yakasarudzika workmiecsice inopisa kusvika ku550} 650 uye ipapo zvishoma nezvishoma kakawanda. Kuderedzwa kwekushushikana kunokonzerwa nekukwira nekukwira kumusoro kupisa, kunotanga kubva pamadhora mana emadhigirii muCarbon Steel uye 550 degrees muMolybdenum {{49} ine simbi. Iyo yepamusoro tembiricha, zviri nyore kubvisa kushushikana. Nekudaro, kana iyo yekutanga tryperting yesimbi yakadarika, simba resimbi richadzikiswa. Naizvozvo, kurapwa kwekushisa kwekushushikana kwesununguko kunofanirwa kugona zvinhu zviviri zvekushisa uye nenguva, uye kwete chinongedzo. Nekudaro, mukushushikana kweiyo Welment, kushushikana kwakanyanya uye kushushikana kwekumanikidza kunogara kunofambiswa, uye kushushikana uye kushushikana uye kushandurwa kwezvinhu zviripo panguva imwe chete. Kana tembiricha yesimbi ichisimuka, simba rekubereka rinoderera, uye gadziriso yekutanga elasform ichava gadziriro yepurasitiki, nokudaro ichikonzera kuzorora kwekushushikana. Iyo yepamusoro yekudziya kupisa, iyo zvakanyanya kushushikana kwemukati kunobviswa. Nekudaro, kana tembiricha yakanyanya kukwirira, iyo simbi yekumusoro ichave yakaoma oxidized. Pamusoro pezvo, kune tembiricha yetsvina yakabviswa uye yakatsamwa simbi, iyo isingafanirwe kupfuura tembiricha yekutanga yesimbi Pfungwa iyi inofanira kupihwa kutarisisa kune vanopisa vashandi vashandi. Iyo yepamusoro iyo post-weld kupisa kurapa tembiricha yekubvisa kushushikana kwemukati, iyo yakakura iyo yakapfava mwero wesimbi. Kazhinji, kushushikana kwemukati kunogona kubviswa nekudziya kudziya kwekudzokorora kwesimbi. Iyo yekudzokorora tembiricha yakanangana neyakawisidzira tembiricha. Kazhinji, iyo yekudzokorora kudziya k {{53} x xyting tembiricha (k). Iko kuswededza tembiricha yekupisa kweshiri ndeyekudzokorora tembiricha, iyo inoshanda zvakanyanya mukubvisa kushushikana kwakasiyana.
4 Kazhinji, post {{3} weld kupisa kurapwa kunoenderana nekusunungura kushushikana kwakasara uye kunongoitwa kana paine zvinodiwa zvekumanikidza kwekumanikidza. Nekudaro, iyo gadziriro yekuyamwa yemifananidzo inoratidza kuti post iyo post {} yekupisa kupisa kwesimbi inoiswa, uye dzimwe nguva kupokana kwekuputika kunogona kuitika mukati meiyo yezviyo yekupisa yakakanganiswa. Mukuwedzera, pluhts inotsamira pakudzora kwesimba rekunyama pakudziya kwakanyanya kuti uwane kushamwaridzana. Naizvozvo, panguva ye pwht, chimiro chinogona kurasikirwa kuomarara. Zvema Zvimedu zvinotora zvese zvakazara kana chikamu chePWHT, iyo yekutsigira kugona kweiyo yeldment pamhepo tembiricha inofanirwa kutariswa pamberi pekupenga. Naizvozvo, kana uchifunga kuti kuita kuti uite post {}}} we}} Kubva pamaonero ekuita kwechimiro, kune rimwe divi rinovandudza kuita uye rutivi runoderedza kuita. Mutongo unonzwisisika unofanirwa kuitwa zvichienderana nebasa rekutanga rekunzwisisa kuongorora zvese zvikamu.
